Kernel is a main part of operating system. It is like a bridge between application/software and hardware. The main aim of kernel is to manage communication between software and hardware. It is a computer program that is core of Operating System with complete control over everything in system.
Kernel is used Assembly Language.
Different types of companies are used different Kernel like:
Android -------------------------------------------- Linux Kernel
Window -------------------------------------------- Window NT Kernel
Apple Mac Book ------------------------------------- Darwin Kernel
Types of Kernel
- Monolithic Kernel
- Micro Kernel
1. Monolithic Kernel:
Monolithic Kernel is a type of Kernel. Monolithic Kernel is used to provides CPU scheduling, memory management, file management and other operating system function through system call. The other one is that it is a single large process running entirely in a single address. Monolithic Kernel is a single static binary file.
Some important points:
- Fast Execution.
- It is hard to extend.
- To write a monolithic kernel less code is required.
- If any service crashes , the whole system crashes in monolithic kernel.
- It is larger then microkernel in size.
Example: Linux, Unix, XTS-400, z/TPF, NetBSD.
2. Micro Kernel:
Micro Kernel is a type of kernel. In Microkernel the users services and kernel services are implemented in different address space. The users services are kept under User Address Space and the kernel services are kept under Kernel Address Space. It is reduce the size of Kernel. Micro Kernel is provide minimum services of process and memory services. Micro Kernel is simply add in system without any type of disturbing kernel.
Some important point:
- Slow Execution.
- It is easy to extend.
- To write a microkernel more codes is required.
- It is small in size.
Example: QNX, Symbian, L4Llinux.
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